A new geography of exploitation and enjoyment of the mineral resources generated in the 90's. Concern about environmental care supported by international lending agencies and developed countries resulted in the rising standards of environmental protection in the North. The expansion of megaminería in Latin America was in this context that set a new global reorganization, where the resource-rich regions are designed to transfer to the regions with higher industrial and financial development, assuming the environmental liabilities and getting a part significantly lower income. In this way consolidated subordinate inclusion of the region in the new geography mining. The proposal is to select three entries that can contribute to analytical question some specific aspects of the interrelationship transregional ecological and economic inequalities: development and extractivism – differential valuation of natural resources - income distributionand environmental justice.