The construction of otherness in the historical, social and political context of Latin America is marked by complex power relations involving ethical and political implications of exclusion. Nation-state appraises or disappraises the various cultural belongings throughout ethnocentric conceptions of “human being” and “citizen”. This leads us to investigate the functioning of racism that underlies the constitution of discredited and submitted identities. This research will focuse on the analysis of a contemporary form of racism called cultural racism.

In order to reconsider theories and methodologies in relation to Latin American, reality becomes the central study of the notion of “coloniality” as social and cultural domination, and its relation with culturally homogenizing Nation-state models. Another key point is the notion of “globalization” and its impact on human life, taking into account “hegemonic globalization” as a mechanism generating inequalities. At the same time, this research will study theoretical approaches with emancipating possibilities: a) the notion of “interculturality” as an ethical project in continuing insurgency; b) resistance processes called “globalization from below” or “insurgent cosmopolitanism”, which constitutes to transnational resistance against the unequal exchanges produced by the hegemonic globalization.